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Javnost - The Public, Vol. 31 - 2024, Suplement

Guest Edited by Jernej Kaluža and Sašo Slaček Brlek

Privatizacija medijev v Sloveniji - izgubljena priložnost za neodvisnost medijev?

, pages: S85-S100[open access]

Kmalu po osamosvojitvi Slovenije se je država odločila za privatizacijo velikega dela družbenih podjetij, med katerimi je bila tudi večina medijskih družb. Ob privatizaciji so zaposleni pridobili 60 odstotkov podjetij. Čeprav so imela izkušnje s samoupravljanjem in čeprav so bili zaposleni v mnogih medijskih družbah v tistem času odločeni, da bodo ostali lastniki družb, se to ni zgodilo. Prav vse medijske hiše so doživele proces koncentracije lastništva, ki je nato večinoma vodila v prodajo deležev zunanjim kupcem. Te prodaje so bile pogosto politično dogovorjene, mnoge so zaobšle zakone, ki so prepovedovali koncentracijo lastništva in navzkrižno lastništvo v medijih. Triintrideset let po osamosvojitvi so mediji v primežu interesov svojih lastnikov, v boju s hudo konkurenco digitalnih platform, novinarji pa se soočajo s stalnim pritiskom po znižanju stroškov in povečani storilnosti. Pomanjkljiva zakonodaja in pogosto brezzobi regulatorji trga ne uspejo zaščititi svobodnega novinarstva, sanje o neodvisnem novinarstvu, ki so bile tako žive med osamosvajanjem in privatizacijo, so se razblinile. V prispevku je poskus odgovora na vprašanje, zakaj se je to zgodilo in kaj je sploh še mogoče spremeniti.

Privatisation of the Media in Slovenia - Missed Opportunity for Media Independence?

Shortly after the declaration of independence, Slovenia decided to privatise a large part of the socially-owned companies at the time, including most of the media companies. During privatisation, the employees of these companies acquired 60 percent of the companies. However, the employees did not retain ownership for long, even though the companies had experience with self-management and even though the employees were initially determined to retain ownership of their companies. All media companies went through the process of ownership concentration, which later usually led to the sale of company shares to external buyers. These purchases were often politically collusive, while many of them circumvented legislation prohibiting the concentration of media ownership and cross-shareholding in the media. Thirty-three years after independence, the media are run in line with the interests of their owners while facing fierce competition from digital platforms. Journalists are under constant pressure to cut costs and increase productivity. Inadequate laws and market regulators, which are often toothless, do not protect free journalism. The dreams of independent journalism that were alive in the days of independence and privatisation have been shattered. This article attempts to explain why this has happened and whether anything can be done to change it.

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